Viscosity grade bitumen is widely used and comes in four different types: VG10, VG20, VG30, and VG40. These viscosity grades have replaced bitumen penetration grade as per the Indian Standard (IS:73).
Viscosity grade bitumen offers various advantages and properties, making it a reliable choice. Below, we provide detailed information about the applications, descriptions, and specifications of each viscosity grade. This will help you find the most suitable VG bitumen for your needs.
What Sets Penetration Grade Bitumen Apart from Viscosity Grade Bitumen?
The main distinction between penetration grade bitumen and viscosity grade bitumen lies in their classification criteria. Penetration grade bitumen is classified based on its penetration value at 25°C, whereas the VG (viscosity grade) system takes into account the viscosity values at both 60°C and 135°C. This dual viscosity measurement allows for a more comprehensive understanding of the bitumen's behavior across a range of temperatures, making it suitable for use in both low and high-temperature conditions.
If you're interested in delving deeper into these grading systems, we recommend exploring our articles on bitumen penetration testing and bitumen viscosity testing. These resources provide further insights into the characteristics and specifications of both penetration grade and viscosity grade bitumen.
Classification of Viscosity Grade Bitumen
Viscosity testing of bitumen leads to its classification into various grades, such as VG10 Bitumen, VG20 Bitumen, VG30 Bitumen, and VG40 Bitumen. In the viscosity grading system, a higher number indicates a harder bitumen. For more detailed information on the specifications and a comparison of the properties of each grade, please refer to the table provided at the end of the article.
To learn more about different types of bitumen tests, you can find relevant information in our article on types of bitumen tests.
Viscosity Grade Standards
The determination of Viscosity Grade bitumen is carried out according to standards such as IS 73, ASTM, and AASHTO. In 2006, the Indian Standard (IS) transitioned from penetration grade to viscosity grade for Bitumen grading.
To gain a comprehensive understanding of the definition, applications, and specifications of viscosity grade bitumen, we recommend reading the article provided. It will provide valuable insights into this type of bitumen.
Application of Viscosity Grade Bitumen
Each viscosity grade bitumen has specific applications based on two critical factors: climate and traffic conditions.
The utilization of VG bitumen is primarily attributed to its two essential properties: water impermeability and high adhesion.
Currently, there are over 250 diverse applications for VG bitumen, making it challenging to find suitable alternatives. The table provided illustrates various applications and properties of VG bitumen.
| Grade | Viscosity Range at 60°C (Absolute Viscosity) | Typical Applications ∞ |
| VG-10 Bitumen | 800-1200 | Recommended for road construction in cold regions Ideal for spraying Used in production of bitumen emulsion |
| VG-20 Bitumen | 1600-2400 | Used in cold regions for road construction |
| VG-30 Bitumen | 2400-3600 | Maximizes asphalt performance in hot regions A more reliable choice than bitumen pen 60/70 |
| VG-40 Bitumen | 3200-4000 | Works in areas with high traffic loads Well suited for road construction in hot weather |
VG 20 Bitumen
VG 20 bitumen is a grade of viscosity bitumen specifically designed for use in cold climatic and high altitude regions. It is commonly used in road construction projects in areas with an average temperature ranging from 30 to 37 °C.
In North India, VG 20 bitumen is particularly utilized for road construction in hot mix asphalt. The standard penetration value of VG 20 bitumen is 60 mm at 25 °C, indicating its consistency and workability characteristics.
The absolute viscosity of VG 20 bitumen ranges from 1600 to 2400 poise at 60 °C. This viscosity value is a significant parameter in determining the flow properties and performance of the bitumen under specific temperature conditions.
By using VG 20 bitumen, road construction projects in cold climatic and high altitude regions can benefit from its suitable viscosity, ensuring proper asphalt mix performance and durability.
To know more about VG-20 specification:
Bitumen VG 20 Specification | |||
Specification | Unit | Value | Test Method |
Absolute Viscosity, at 60 ◦C | Poise | Min 1600 | ASTM D4402 |
Kinematic Viscosity, at 135 ◦C | CST | Min 300 | ASTM D2170 |
Flash Point | ◦C | Min 220 | ASTM D93 |
Solubility in Trichloroethylene | %WT | Min 99 | ASTM D2042 |
Penetration Value, at 25 ◦C | 0.1mm | 60-80 | ASTM D5 |
Softening Point | ◦C | Min 45 | ASTM D36 |
Thin-Film Oven Test (TFOT) | |||
Viscosity Ratio, at 60 ◦C | ◦C | Max 4 | ASTM D4402 |
Ductility at 25 ◦C | Cm | Min 50 | ASTM D113 |
VG 30 Bitumen
VG 30 bitumen is a commonly used type of bitumen in various industries, especially in road construction, insulation, building construction, and the production of cutback bitumen. It is particularly suitable for the construction of extra-heavy bitumen pavements that need to withstand heavy traffic loads.
VG 30 bitumen can serve as a substitute for the traditional bitumen 60/70 penetration grade. This grade of bitumen offers desirable properties and performance characteristics for a wide range of applications.
With its specific viscosity grade classification, VG 30 bitumen ensures optimal performance and durability in demanding road construction projects and other related applications.
The Minimum and Maximum Viscosity of VG-30 Bitumen
In the viscosity bitumen classification, the "30" in VG 30 bitumen represents the range of viscosity, which is calculated as [(100 ± 20) * 30] in terms of Poise. By applying this formula, we can calculate the minimum and maximum viscosities for VG 30 bitumen.
The minimum viscosity at 60°C can be calculated as 80 * 30 = 2400 Poise. This value represents the lower limit of viscosity for VG 30 bitumen.
On the other hand, the maximum viscosity can be calculated as 120 * 30 = 3600 Poise. This value represents the upper limit of viscosity for VG 30 bitumen.
These viscosity ranges provide essential information about the flow characteristics and performance of VG 30 bitumen, enabling better understanding and application in various industries, particularly in road construction and related fields.
Advantages of Viscosity Grade 30 (VG 30) Bitumen Application
The application of VG 30 bitumen offers several advantages, including:
- Suitable for temperatures above 30°C: VG 30 bitumen is designed to perform well in temperature conditions above 30°C. This makes it suitable for applications in warmer climate regions.
- Suitable for clayed soil: In the case of clayed soil, bitumen with higher viscosity, such as VG 30, is more suitable. The higher viscosity helps in better binding and stabilization of the soil, enhancing the overall performance of the construction.
- Ideal for road construction in rainy weather: VG 30 bitumen is particularly suitable for road construction in rainy weather conditions. Its properties, including water resistance and adhesion, make it well-suited for providing durable and reliable road surfaces even in wet conditions.
- ASTM density of VG 30 bitumen: As per ASTM standards, the density of VG 30 bitumen is measured at 1.01. This density value provides important information about the mass per unit volume of the bitumen, aiding in the proper design and application of the material.
The advantages mentioned above demonstrate the suitability and benefits of using VG 30 bitumen in various applications, especially in road construction and areas with specific weather conditions. VG-30 specification is as below:
Bitumen VG 30 Specification | |||
Specification | Unit | Value | Test Method |
Absolute Viscosity, at 60 ◦C | Poise | Min 2400 | ASTM D4402 |
Kinematic Viscosity, at135 ◦C | CST | Min 350 | ASTM D2170 |
Flash Point | ◦C | Min 220 | ASTM D93 |
Solubility in Trichloroethylene | %WT | Min 99 | ASTM D2042 |
Penetration Value, at 25 ◦C | 0.1mm | 50-70 | ASTM D5 |
Softening Point | ◦C | Min 47 | ASTM D36 |
Thin-Film Oven Test (TFOT) | |||
Viscosity Ratio, at 60 ◦C | ◦C | Max 4 | ASTM D4402 |
Ductility at 25 ◦C | Cm | Min 40 | ASTM D113 |
Specific Gravity, at 25 ◦C | kg/m³ | Min 1.0131 | ASTM D70 |
VG 40 Bitumen
VG 40 bitumen is a grade of bitumen that is specifically designed for areas subjected to high pressure and heavy traffic loads, such as intersections, toll booths, and truck parking lots.
The "VG" in VG 40 stands for Viscosity Grade, indicating that this bitumen is classified based on its viscosity characteristics. VG 40 bitumen is known for its high viscosity, which makes it particularly suitable for enhancing resistance to issues such as shoving and other problems that can arise from higher temperatures and heavy traffic loads.
In various industries, VG 40 bitumen has been widely adopted as a substitute for the traditional 40/50 penetration grade bitumen. This shift is primarily due to the superior performance and advantages offered by VG 40 bitumen in demanding applications.
By using VG 40 bitumen, industries can benefit from improved durability and performance in areas exposed to heavy traffic loads and challenging temperature conditions.
Advantages of Viscosity Grade 40 (VG 40) Bitumen Application
The application of VG 40 bitumen offers several advantages, including:
- Suitable for temperatures above 40°C: VG 40 bitumen is specifically designed to perform well in temperature conditions above 40°C. This makes it suitable for applications in hot climate regions where high-temperature resistance is required.
- Absolute viscosity of 3200: VG 40 bitumen has an absolute viscosity of 3200, which indicates its flow characteristics at specific temperatures. This viscosity value ensures optimal performance and consistency in various construction and paving applications.
- Preferred for heavy traffic load: VG 40 bitumen is a preferred choice when heavy traffic loads are expected. Its higher viscosity and enhanced resistance to deformation make it suitable for areas subjected to substantial vehicular movement, such as highways, intersections, and industrial areas.
- Absolute and kinematic viscosity values: The absolute viscosity of VG 40 bitumen is 3200, which measures the internal friction and resistance to flow of the bitumen. Additionally, the kinematic viscosity of VG 40 bitumen is 400, which measures the flow rate under gravity. These viscosity values provide crucial information for proper application and performance evaluation.
By utilizing VG 40 bitumen, industries can benefit from its high-temperature resistance, improved stability under heavy traffic loads, and reliable performance in demanding construction projects. The table shows the specifications of vg-40 bitumen:
Bitumen VG 40 Specification | |||
Specification | Unit | Value | Test Method |
Absolute Viscosity, at 60 ◦C | Poise | Min 3200 | ASTM D4402 |
Kinematic Viscosity, at 135 ◦C | CST | Min 400 | ASTM D2170 |
Flash Point | ◦C | Min 220 | ASTM D93 |
Solubility in Trichloroethylene | %WT | Min 99 | ASTM D2042 |
Penetration Value, at 25 ◦C | 0.1mm | 40-60 | ASTM D5 |
Softening Point | ◦C | Min 25 | ASTM D36 |
Thin-Film Oven Test (TFOT) | |||
Viscosity Ratio, at 60 ◦C | ◦C | Max 4 | ASTM D4402 |
Ductility at 25 ◦C, after thin film oven test | Cm | Min 25 | ASTM D113 |
ATDM CO is a reputable manufacturer and exporter of Bitumen 60/70 and Bitumen 80/100. We specialize in offering high-quality bitumen products in various packaging options, including drums, bags, and bulk quantities. Our product line consists of three distinct quality grades: premium, second, and third types. Each grade is produced with meticulous attention to detail, utilizing advanced facilities and processes.
Our diverse range of options is designed to cater to the specific needs and volume requirements of our customers. Whether you require a smaller quantity for a specific project or a larger bulk order, we have the flexibility to accommodate your demands.
At ATDM CO, we prioritize product quality, reliability, and customer satisfaction. Our bitumen 60/70 is manufactured to meet international standards, ensuring optimal performance and durability in various applications. Currently, we have supplies in three countries of the United Arab Emirates (Dubai), Panama and Singapore are available. We take pride in delivering exceptional products that meet the diverse needs of our valued customers, both domestically and internationally.