Asphalt, as a mixture of sand, sand and bitumen, is considered the most important and main element of road construction and can play a big role in various industries such as global transportation. This material dates back to hundreds of years before Christ, but today's modern asphalt was invented by Scottish engineers and used all over the world since the beginning of the 20th century. There are different types of asphalt, such as hot asphalt, cold asphalt, and protective asphalt, and each of them can have many features, capabilities, and applications. Although the implementation of asphalt using modern and advanced equipment and devices can have high quality, accuracy, thickness and durability, but it can also be implemented in a traditional and manual way.
What is meant by manual asphalt?
As mentioned, asphalt is a combination of materials such as bitumen, sand, and has high resistance to pressure, impact, moisture, temperature changes, etc., and is considered the best material for covering the surface of roads, streets, alleys, etc. Manual asphalt is basically a specialized technique and technique for implementing this material and is usually used in repairs and small projects. Unlike machine asphalts, where modern and large machinery equipment is used to spread hot mix asphalt, manual asphalts are applied by workers and traditional tools. Manual asphalt, like other types of industrial asphalt, is made from similar materials such as sand, sand, natural bitumen and mineral bitumen, but in environments where it is not possible to use large and modern machines, human forces and simple tools such as shovels, hand rollers and … will be used.
The difference between machine and manual asphalt work
Car asphalting is basically done using equipment and machinery such as a paver machine, while in the manual method human forces and simple and traditional tools will be used. The paver machine is able to asphalt a large area of the road and different surfaces at high speed, while manual asphalting requires more time. The asphalt surface of the machine can be much smoother and smoother than manual asphalt. In asphalt, mechanized work can implement larger areas in a shorter period of time. Manual asphalting is an ideal method for asphalting small areas, repairing damaged parts, etc.
Manual asphalt execution steps
Asphalt is a material that can be highly resistant to water and moisture, pressure, impact, cold and heat, etc., but it can perform well and have a high durability when its implementation steps are carried out correctly. In general, the implementation of manual asphalt is done like machine asphalt and has similar steps. The most important steps in the implementation of this asphalt are as follows:
Proper infrastructure
If the purpose of manual asphalt is to repair the damaged points of old asphalt or to level a new section, the most important step is the foundation. At this stage, it is necessary to remove all the unevenness, depressions, and elevations and prepare the surface for the initial bituminous application. If the desired surface is not smooth, the asphalt will break, tear and damage after some time and under pressure due to factors such as humidity, temperature changes, etc.
Initial bituminous spraying (primect stage)
In the second stage, after the desired surface is prepared and smooth, it is time to sprinkle bitumen. This step is done to increase adhesion. When the initial bituminization is done, the stones, soil and other materials on the surface stick together and are ready to receive the next materials.
Pouring a thin layer of bitumen (single coat stage)
In the third stage, after the foundation and initial bitumen spraying, it is time to apply a thin layer of bitumen. At this stage, in order to increase the adhesion of asphalt, a thin layer of bitumen can be poured on the surface of asphalt or concrete. This thin bitumen layer can increase the adhesion of asphalt to the materials on the surface and increase its quality and durability.
Hot asphalt spraying
In the fourth step, after the complete implementation of the previous steps, it is time to sprinkle asphalt materials on the desired surface. At this stage, warm asphalt should be spread uniformly and with a similar thickness on the desired surface. To spread asphalt, you must use safety equipment such as shoes, gloves, etc., so that the high temperature does not cause injury to people.
Final asphalt rolling
In the final stage, after spraying hot asphalt on the desired surface, a roller can be used to compress and smooth it. Asphalt rolling can be affected by factors such as temperature, asphalt adhesion, roller weight, etc. This step should be done by experts and experienced people so that the asphalt has high quality, strength and durability and does not get easily damaged.
Advantages and disadvantages of manual asphalt work
In general, today, the use of traditional and old methods for the implementation of asphalt is obsolete, but in some situations it is not possible to use modern equipment, and the traditional and old methods must be used. The use of manual asphalt work, like machine asphalt work, can have its own advantages and disadvantages. The most important advantages of this method are the following:
- Manual paving can be a very good option for areas where the passage of machine paving equipment is limited because smaller and simpler tools are used in this method.
- This method of asphalt work can be effective in reducing costs and saving the time of asphalt implementation.
- In manual asphalt work, you can have more accuracy and control over the implementation of different asphalt steps, and any problem can be fixed at the same moment.
This method of asphalt work can have a higher quality and can be very effective for filling holes, repairing damaged parts, etc.
This method of asphalt work, along with all the advantages it has, can also have disadvantages and defects, the most important of which include cases such as the impossibility of using large and huge projects due to the need for large and time-consuming manpower, the possibility of life risks for the executive forces. and the workers, the possibility of changes in the thickness of the asphalt in different places, the impossibility of using different types of asphalt bitumen, etc.
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