Flexible bitumen sheets for waterproofing - Reinforced bitumen sheets for waterproofing surfaces
By means of new prefabricated waterproofing coatings, bituminous sheets, most of the defects of surface insulation have been eliminated. During these years, these types of coatings are used a lot.
Most factories manufacturing this type of insulators use aluminum coating. which can reflect light up to eighty five percent.
Here we introduce the insulations that have a mandatory standard, and then we describe the insulations that are commonly used, as well as the flexible sheets and their scope of use.
In general, the purpose of writing this article is to determine the characteristics of reinforced bituminous sheets, waterproofing used on all types of surfaces.
This standard includes the following:
A- Bituminous sheets used in the roof of gardens and walls.
B- single-layer and double-layer bituminous sheets
P-bitumen sheets prepared from oxidized, elastic and plastic bitumens
Different types of bitumen
Reinforced bitumen sheet is a flexible layer of bitumen produced in the factory, which is supplied in the form of a ready-to-use roll by combining one or more internal and external substrates.
Oxidized bitumen: direct use of refinery bitumen, or flowable bitumen in the tower, which has hardened with or without the presence of a catalyst exposed to high temperature and aeration.
Elastic bitumen: refinery bitumen or oxidized bitumen modified by thermoplastic additives and rubbers.
Plastic bitumen: Refinery bitumen or oxidized bitumen which has been modified by additions of polyolefin compounds or polyolefin copolymers.
Classification of flexible bituminous waterproofing sheets
Waterproofing sheets are classified into the following 3 types based on the place of use:
Special for cold regions
Special for temperate regions, including C and H types
For tropical areas
Waterproofing bitumen sheets are classified into two types, single-layer and double-layer, based on the number of layers used as a substrate.
Physical features
It must be free of any visible defects such as holes, wrinkles, oil tears, layering on the surface and non-uniformity on its surface and edges.
All insulation parts must be saturated with bituminous melt so that no sign of unsaturation or air bubbles can be seen in cross sections of 50 cm.
The outer face of the surface insulation that is in contact with the environment can be covered with one of the following:
By means of an aluminum coating that is not less than 14 microns thick. with polymer-aluminum coating) metallized with decorative or simple designs with fine-grained mineral powder and colored aggregates The width of the aluminum and metallized coating glued on the insulation should be (921) cm, and the remaining width of the insulation from the edge to overlap should be free of any type of coating.
The inner side of the insulation (the side that sticks to the work surface) must be covered with polyethylene film or polypropylene film that can be melted by the heat of the torch. The coating of the inner side must cover the entire surface uniformly.
Packaging and storage of the final product
The rolls should be kept vertically in a covered warehouse, the floor of the warehouse should be smooth and its temperature should be between 5 and 35 degrees Celsius.
If the cargo is kept in the open space, a pallet should be used and a colored polyethylene cover should be stretched over it, but it cannot be used in the open space for more than a week.
Marking
The following specifications must be written on each sticker separately and clearly with a fixed color. Providing information on the type of product, the name or trademark of the manufacturing unit on the Nylex roll is mandatory, and providing other information on the Nylex is optional.
The characteristics of prefabricated brick insulations with modified bitumen called isogam by polymers for the purpose and scope of application:
The purpose of presenting these points is to determine the characteristics of prefabricated waterproofing in which bitumen modified with polymers is used as an impregnating material and is used after the building.
Symbology
The symbolization of this insulation is based on the type of polymer and layer used in it.
The polymers used in the saturated material to modify and improve bituminous properties are indicated by the following two general symbols.
- A) (TPA symbol) means thermoplastic elastomer.
- b) (TP) means thermoplastics
Physical features
The outer face of waterproofing bituminous sheets should be covered with fine mineral materials such as talc powder or mica in order to prevent adhesion inside the roll.
The exterior of the waterproofing must be uniform and free of any cracks and wrinkles.
The inner side of the waterproofing must be covered with plastic film or fine mineral materials such as talc powder or mica. If plastic film is used, at least the entire bottom surface should be covered by plastic film.
Waterproofing must be without visible defects and its edges must be uniform and healthy.
All parts of the waterproofing layer must be saturated with impregnating material.
The produced product should be packed in rolls, each roll should not be more than two pieces, the number of rolls of two pieces should not exceed 3 rolls.
The rolls must be tightly wrapped and the adhesive tape with a width of 5 cm covers at least 12 circumferences and is attached in at least two rows.
Also, each roll should be labeled with specifications including product type, date, production limit, date, consumption, vertical storage mark and manufacturer's name.
The rolls should be stored vertically in a covered warehouse, and the floor of the warehouse should be flat and its temperature should be between 5 and 35 degrees Celsius.
In the open space, the waterproofing must be kept with a colored plastic cover and on a pallet.
Izogam waterproofing, which everyone knows, is a very common product for insulating the roofs of houses, which is available in the market in the form of single-sided adhesive rolls.
It is very easy to install and only by applying heat to these rolls, they are glued to the desired surface. These products have a useful life of ten years and are highly resistant to water and humidity.
All kinds of isogams are produced and marketed in single-layer or double-layer types, in foiled, pebbled and colored types.
Thermal insulation products for buildings, mineral wool products
It is considered one of the most malleable materials, it is used as thermal insulation and the best fireproof fabrics are made from this material.
Purpose and scope of application
The purpose of providing these points is to determine the requirements of factory mineral wool products with or without coating that are used in building thermal insulation. This product can be used in the form of blankets, rolls and boards.
Terms and definitions: mineral wool: thermal insulation has the nature and appearance of wool and can be made of molten rock, slag or glass.
Strip blanket: It is a flexible fiber thermal insulation that is supplied in the form of rolls or flats, which may be coated or hollow, and other forms of it are available as boards or slabs.
Coating: A decorative or functional surface layer with a thickness of less than 3 mm, such as paper, thin plastic layer, textile or metal foil, which is not considered as a separate thermal insulation layer to add to the thermal resistance of the product.
Marking and labeling and packaging
Reference to Iran's National Standard No. 8116, second revision of 2016
Product name, or other product characteristics
The name or trademark of the manufacturer, as well as the address of the shift production unit or production time or tracking code
Fire reaction class
declared thermal resistance (RD)
The stated thermal conductivity coefficient (1)
nominal thickness (dn)
Familiarity with common insulation
1- Bitumen: due to the fact that bitumen is not safe when it is used in road construction or in the insulation of roofs, and it is always affected by atmospheric factors, therefore, bitumen should be used according to the climate of the region.
This point is very important in our country, which has different climates, for example, bitumen that becomes soft and fluid at low temperatures cannot be used in the tropical regions of the south of the country, or bitumen that becomes soft at minus five degrees. Centigrade will crack, it cannot be used in cold regions.
2- Moisture insulation: To make tar, heat is given to coal so that the gas comes out of it and coke is left behind, then they cool the rising gas so that it sweats and drips into the resulting material, tar.
Tar, like bitumen, sticks stone grains together, so it is used to make black tops and also in moisture insulation.
They also get tar from wood and oily shale. Tar has acidic substances that dissolve in water, so care must be taken when using it in road construction, because when it rains, some of the tar dissolves in water and enters streams and green spaces along the roads and kills plants.
3- Primers: Primers (primers are a group of products based on various types of bitumen, resin, additives and different solvents that are applied in liquid form using a pen, roller paint or spray on the surface and an anti- They create moisture and anti-rust.
Lemix
Different types of primers are used for waterproofing the concrete surface of metal frame, column plate building, wooden beams, storage tanks, metal pipes for drinking water, and primers are also used as the bottom layer of waterproofing before sewage and gas and oil pipes. Roofing materials are used to create better adhesion.
4- Mastics and sealants: This group of products are mainly used to fill and seal seams, pores and joints on various surfaces such as concrete, metal, asphalt, wood, etc.
These products are produced using various materials such as bitumen, solvents, polymers, resins, special additives and fillers and are processed through cold or hot methods.
Among the characteristics of mastics and sealants, we can point out moisture resistance, flexibility, adhesion, resistance to atmospheric agents and chemicals. In addition, since sealants become rubbery after drying, any pressure, impact, temperature changes and Tolerate the relative movements of the building components. The types of mastics and sealants are different according to their manufacturing company.
Sealers: Sealers are actually a part of colors and are used to fill the pores and voids of wood before the final color and cause the strength and hardness of the final colors.
In addition, the sealer also has anti-humidity properties, but it should not be placed in the vicinity of direct heat or under direct sunlight because it will burn. Like the sealer, the killer is one of the transparent colors, with the difference that the killer is shiny after drying and is used as the final top color.
1- Waterproofing made on the basis of cement of this category
It is a two-component product and is made on the basis of cement and is produced as a powder mixed with water and can be easily applied on concrete, brick, etc. surfaces.
Since these products become elastic after drying, as a result of lateral pressure and temperature changes, they do not have any effect on them and do not cause them to break or crack.
Also, due to the fact that these products are based on cement, they are free of toxic substances and can be used inside drinking water tanks.
- Modern waterproofing today, due to the expansion of companies and manufacturing factories, many waterproofing are made with different names, each of which has a special feature and application.
Isoshingle: This product is a strong layer of bitumen modified with high-quality polymers, which is reinforced by a layer of polyester or tissue. Isoshingle is a covering for sloping roofs with an angle of more than 15 degrees.
Easy installation, little load on the roof structure, long life, diversity in design and color, and beautiful effect are considered advantages of this insulation.
Isoflex: This insulation is applied in a cold and liquid form and has advantages such as creating an integrated and seamless cover, resistant to ultraviolet rays, low weight per surface unit, thermal insulation properties and applicable on non-geometric surfaces.
Nemasil: water-based insulating coating consisting of stable resins and coatings after application, while protecting the surface under work and preventing dandruff, it creates complete moisture insulation for the surface.
This product can be applied in different colors for the exterior and interior of the building, sloping roofs and swimming pools and on all surfaces of any gender.
Water seal: an elastomeric compound that is water or solvent based and can be supplied as a waterproofing and protective coating on surfaces, tiles, ceramic, concrete and metal tanks, sealing the facade of buildings and preventing the penetration of environmental pollutants and not requiring facade Washing
Isolation of rainwater walls and prevention of rain, moisture, and humidity penetration into the walls, protection of facades and brick and stone surfaces against rainwater penetration, removal of scale from surfaces, protection of all concrete surfaces of structures against the penetration of moisture and environmental pollutants.
Polymeric moisture insulators
Waterproofing is cold, and concrete cement, plaster and stone are mostly used to seal the roof of swimming pools and water tanks, to insulate joints, and in sheet form to insulate surfaces.
Polymer materials have both heat insulation and moisture insulation properties. Among the types of these insulations, we can mention butylene, acrylic, polyurethane, silicon polyester insulation, epoxy non-woven, cloud insulation, etc.
Insulators are compressible tapes made of PVC, polyethylene or polyurethane, with adhesive tape on one or both sides. Use these insulators to fill the expansion joints of doors, windows, and vents.
Artflex waterproofing
This type of light and small volume insulation does not absorb water and moisture, while it has high flexibility and it is possible to use it in different places of the building.
Artflex insulation also does not increase the final weight of the structure, which will increase the resilience and resistance of the building. In addition, its installation and implementation takes place at a lower price than Isogam.
Nano color waterproofing
This insulation is in the form of colors made on the basis of nanoparticles, these colors can be easily applied on the surfaces using normal painting tools and prevent water and humidity from entering the building to a large extent.
This type of insulation is resistant to sunlight and weather temperature changes and its implementation is done easily.
Isopol waterproofing
Isopol insulation is a water-based polymer insulation. There is a high adhesion between the particles of this product, which makes it highly resistant to moisture and water penetration.
Its implementation is also done easily and after implementation, it creates a completely uniform surface. You can use this product to insulate walls and roofs.
Moisture insulation foam: XPS —
This type of foam is made of extruded polystyrene and has a closed cell structure. It has a uniform weight, style, and compressive strength. It is uniform in the density of this insulation, while it has very high strength and resistance against weather changes and low temperatures. .
Therefore, it is a suitable product for use in insulating double-walled walls, foundation walls, beam ceilings, insulating composite blocks, cold storage floors, making sandwich panels, and so on.
Another advantage is that XPS insulation is not hypoallergenic. Using this product has solved the concern of respiratory problems and skin allergies.
Elastomeric waterproofing
Ella Stomeri is a type of flexible insulation with elasticity, which makes it possible to use it in different places of the building.
This insulation has a closed cell structure that has a very high resistance to moisture, temperature and heat, therefore it is used as a moisture, thermal and sound insulation. Its light weight.
This product is often used industrially for the construction of chillers, boilers, tank facilities in refineries and automotive industries.
Implementation tips in waterproofing
In order to insulate different parts of the building, especially the roof, some points should be taken into consideration, some of which will be mentioned below.
The desired surface must be free of any dust, moisture and grease.
When pouring concrete in different parts of the building, special waterproofing materials can be added to the concrete in the form of powder or liquid, thus making the concrete resistant to water and moisture.
In green roofs, they usually cover the roof floor in the garden area with copper or galvanized sheets with a sufficient slope and two layers of suitable moisture insulation.
In the waterproofing of the roof, it is common that the bitumen that is used as a moisture insulation on the roof of the building is covered with asphalt or mosaic carpet.
Asphalt on the roof, which is a material with a porosity of about 5 percent, does not have insulating properties, but it is a protection against the sun's rays on the insulation.
In order to make the color of asphalt, it is better to apply stone powder, white plastic paint with white resin or aluminum paint on it in order not to absorb heat.
The implementation of roof insulation should be done in dry seasons, if this work is done in rainy areas, it should be ensured that the amount of moisture inside the concrete or perlite on the roof is low.
Otherwise, after the implementation of waterproofing, the water under the insulation layer evaporates and because it has no way to escape, it causes the insulation layer to separate from the roof surface and create a bulge.
90-degree corners are a weak point for waterproofing, so before starting work, ice must be created in these corners with mortar.
After finishing the work, it is time for the testing stage, the studs are closed and water is poured on the roof for 24 hours to ensure that there is no water leakage.
ATDM CO is a reputable manufacturer and exporter of Bitumen 60 70 and Bitumen 80/100. We specialize in offering high-quality bitumen products in various packaging options, including drums, bags, and bulk quantities. Our product line consists of three distinct quality grades: premium, second, and third types. Each grade is produced with meticulous attention to detail, utilizing advanced facilities and processes.
Our diverse range of options is designed to cater to the specific needs and volume requirements of our customers. Whether you require a smaller quantity for a specific project or a larger bulk order, we have the flexibility to accommodate your demands.
At ATDM CO, we prioritize product quality, reliability, and customer satisfaction. Our bitumen 60/70 is manufactured to meet international standards, ensuring optimal performance and durability in various applications. Currently, we have supplies in three countries of the United Arab Emirates (Dubai), Panama and Singapore are available. We take pride in delivering exceptional products that meet the diverse needs of our valued customers, both domestically and internationally.